DSpace Collection:https://mt.osce-academy.kg/handle/123456789/2302024-02-15T04:45:03Z2024-02-15T04:45:03ZIndo-Afghan Bilateral Strategic Agreement (ASP) and Dynamism of Regional Security for AfghanistanKashefi, Fatemahttps://mt.osce-academy.kg/handle/123456789/4082021-03-30T12:13:52Z2014-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: Indo-Afghan Bilateral Strategic Agreement (ASP) and Dynamism of Regional Security for Afghanistan
Authors: Kashefi, Fatema
Abstract: By observing and comparing the India’s assistance since emergence of Afghan interim government 2001 and the text of the Indo-Afghan bilateral strategic agreement (ASP) can be found that the except political and security cooperation, the rest sections of bilateral agreement are the same, in a way this agreement is like a mirror of what India has done during 2001 prior to the signing the Agreement with Afghanistan. This agreement have specific framework that both countries recognized it where points ranging from political and security cooperation to social and cultural relations.
Meanwhile, the agreement refers to the three major points including: the first, attention to the long-standing friendship relations and cultural ties between India and Afghanistan, second, given the importance of economic development, regional and country efforts to strengthen governance in Afghanistan and the last point, joint cooperation between two countries in political and economic cooperation within region and beyond.
By observing the Indian projects in Afghanistan before and after the agreement can be found that the relationship between Afghanistan and India is economic-centered, but because there is a third country (Pakistan) in west of South Asia region that looks regional relations in security perspective, thus two countries are also forced to consider cooperation from a bilateral and regional security standpoints for their national security. However, it seems that India is seeking to achieve its regional security targets through Afghanistan and it is beyond the just bilateral relation with Afghan government.
As the result show, India’s main purpose is neutralization of Pakistan’s activities against India, thus India is trying to conduct it by strong bilateral relation with Afghan government. Even the probability might be that India is trying to inject unrest and instability in western part of Pakistan through Afghanistan. One of the reasons for this competition was mentioned in terms of proxy war in Afghanistan between rivalry of Pakistan (with geographical proximity) and India (without geographical proximity).
India has longstanding friendship relation with Afghanistan, but according to the literature and findings in this research shows that Afghanistan became important for India since Pakistan’s formation and independence (1947), thus it might be true that India has tried to keep covert its main security priority under commitment to the historical and cultural ties and development assistance with Afghanistan. Some quotation from interviewees and the result suggest thinking about probability of this statement. It is completely fits with Realist perspective in the international relation that is one of component of RSCT as well. Thus, Afghanistan because of its geographical determinism and insulator status sentenced to suffer from conflicts and animosity of its neighbors and dominantly rivalry of India and Pakistan.2014-01-01T00:00:00ZСравнительный анализ выступлений Кыргызской Республики на общих дебатах Генеральной Ассамблеи ООН и документов внешней политикиЖылдыз, Султанбековаhttps://mt.osce-academy.kg/handle/123456789/2972021-03-30T12:13:52Z2014-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: Сравнительный анализ выступлений Кыргызской Республики на общих дебатах Генеральной Ассамблеи ООН и документов внешней политики
Authors: Жылдыз, Султанбекова
Abstract: В мировой политике Кыргызстан относят к группе так называемых «маленьких» стран, т.е. стран которые не имеет достаточного потенциала для того, чтобы влиять на международные процессы, на решение других так называемых «сильных» стран. Однако выступая на Общих дебатах Генеральной Ассамблеи ООН «маленькие» страны имеет возможность быть активно вовлеченным в обсуждение мировых вопросов, озвучить свое мнение, предлагать инициативы, тем самым защищать и продвигать свои интересы. Данные интересы отражаются в документах внешней политики государства.
С этой связи возникла необходимость узнать насколько выступления на Общих дебатах, соответствуют целям и задачам, а также приоритетам и принципам, обозначенных во внешнеполитических документах.
Основываясь на контент-анализе документов и текстов выступлений, а также на результатах сравнительного анализа можно утверждать что Кыргызстан, реализуя свою внешнюю политику, руководствуется положениями внешнеполитических документов.2014-01-01T00:00:00ZThe State Policy on Religion in Kyrgyzstan: Between Liberal Approach and SecuritizationIsraiilov, Tynchtykbekhttps://mt.osce-academy.kg/handle/123456789/2962021-03-30T12:13:52Z2014-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: The State Policy on Religion in Kyrgyzstan: Between Liberal Approach and Securitization
Authors: Israiilov, Tynchtykbek
Abstract: Until recently, authorities of Kyrgyzstan have applied a liberal approach in the religious field, by allowing actors in this field to freely disseminate their ideas and enlarge their lines. However, the decision of the Defense Council of Kyrgyzstan from February 3, 2014 allows the governmental structures to interfere and regulate directly activities of religious organizations and individuals represented in the country by defining their scope of activities and supporting particular groups in accordance with the policies of State Commission on Religious Affairs (SCRA) and new Concept on State Policy in the Sphere of Religion. Present research attempts to analyze the process of change from liberal approach in policies to state regulation of the religious sphere. According to the SCRA this radical change in religious policy was motivated by failed approach of distancing governmental bodies from regulating ongoing processes in religious field and growing threat of radical and extremist religious organizations in the country and in the world. This research argues that the policy of regulation was developing starting from the beginning of 2000s and last decision of the Defense Council was only result of long process. So, after long period of liberal approach and existing pluralistic nature of religious groups, which co-existed peacefully for more than 20 years authorities will attempt to regulate religious field2014-01-01T00:00:00ZState Regulation of Religion in Kazakhstan: Religious Liberty or Subjection? The Case of the Protestant Christian CommunityMarinin, Sergeyhttps://mt.osce-academy.kg/handle/123456789/2952021-03-30T12:13:52Z2014-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: State Regulation of Religion in Kazakhstan: Religious Liberty or Subjection? The Case of the Protestant Christian Community
Authors: Marinin, Sergey
Abstract: This paper mainly concerns the issues of state regulation of religion in the prism of the adoption of the new religious legislation in 2011. It also discusses the problems of how the new law affected the religious sphere specifically with regards to the Protestant minority groups. As it is claimed by many international human rights organizations the new law has downgraded the rights and freedom of religion or belief of the minority denominations, while at the same time strengthened the positions of the dominant and “traditional” religions of Hanafi Islam and Russian Orthodoxy. This master thesis tries to explore the main problematic spots of the new law (such as compulsory registration of all religious groups in the country or religious literature mandatory expertise) with comparison to the first religious law, signed in 1992, that was considered by majority of academics as a liberal and one of the most democratic. This work also presents the main patterns of state regulation’s evolving coercive character, especially vis-à-vis various religious minorities, including Protestants. Finally, through the theory of “hegemonic religions” by Anthony Gill the paper examines the cooperative alliance of state with the dominant religions versus the activity of religious minority denominations, Protestants in particular.2014-01-01T00:00:00Z