https://mt.osce-academy.kg/handle/123456789/56 2025-11-09T08:19:15Z https://mt.osce-academy.kg/handle/123456789/84 Title: Migration, Remittances, and the Human Capital of Children in the Kyrgyz Republic Authors: Dzholdoshov, Zhoodar Abstract: Remittances have become one of the most important resource flows to developing countries having already outgrown private capital and official development assistance. International movement of labor and the related flow of remittances are likely to have serious implications for developing countries. Central Asian countries are not an exception in this regard with Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan being among the largest recipient countries of remittances as a share of GDP. Indeed, Kyrgyzstan has become the top remittance-recipient country in the world as a share of GDP over the last two years (34.5 percent in 2016 and the projection of 37.1 percent this year). However, the empirical literature on the impact of both migration and remittances in countries of Central Asia, including Kyrgyzstan, is quite limited. This paper aims to fill this gap in the literature. Specifically, it analyzes the micro-level data from the unique longitudinal survey of households and individuals and examines the trends and patterns of remittances flow to Kyrgyzstan based on the macro-level data from the World Bank. Second, it enlarges virtually nonexistent body of literature on the relationship between remittances and human capital outcomes of children in Kyrgyzstan. The research applies the logistic, fixed-effects, and Hausman-Taylor techniques to the three-year panel dataset from the “Life in Kyrgyzstan” survey to mitigate the problem of pervasive endogeneity. Even though our empirical results in most cases indicate that remittances do not have a statistically significant impact on school enrollment, educational expenditure and health outcomes of children (the health indicator of underweight being the exception), the research still provides useful insights on what really contributes and how these effects vary across age-specific and regional sub-samples. 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z https://mt.osce-academy.kg/handle/123456789/83 Title: The Health of Return Migrants in Kyrgyzstan Authors: Aitakunova, Jamilya Abstract: External labor migration plays an important part in Kyrgyzstan. Policy makers, mass media, and the academic world have been paying great attention to the topic of labor migration. Most of the research on migration has been mainly focusing on remittances and their economic and social effects. Even though the labor migration is mainly temporary in nature, the issue of return migration and particularly the aftermigration lives of migrants is often neglected. This paper is aimed to study the post-migration health status of migrants with a specific interest in any variations between returned migrants and those who never worked abroad. This research covers the socio-economicnand political aspects that arise as a result of migration. The relevance for this study is highly significant due to the limited literature that covers the post-migration lives or return migration of labor migrants. Based on the results of key findings, following conclusions are drawn: It is hard to set a relationship between migration and health. According to the analysis, the physical condition of returning labor migrants was worse than of those who never migrated. The hypothesis that the sick or unhealthy migrant populations return to their hometown can be supported by their self-evaluated physical health status. In order to keep the sectors of employment that are covered by migrants working, the policy makers should exert more strict regulation on the environment of the workplace, and develop primary health care facilities. 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z https://mt.osce-academy.kg/handle/123456789/82 Title: The Impact of Gross Capital Formation on Economic Growth: Evidence from Tajikistan Authors: Sultonov, Zafarjon Abstract: In this thesis, I focused on the impact of investment on economic growth for the case of Tajikistan. Gross capital formation is used as a proxy for investment. The increase in real Gross Domestic Production (GDP) is used as a proxy for economic growth. While the positive impact of gross capital formation on economic growth in developing countries is mentioned by theoretical literature and proved by many empirical studies, still some researchers show statistically insignificant or weak relationship between gross capital formation and increase in GDP. The researchers, who argue for an insignificant relationship between gross capital formation and economic growth, have referred to some pre-conditions which decrease the positive impact of investment on economic growth. The large share of public investment, the small share of private saving and investment by households, and poor business conditions, especially for small and medium enterprises are some prominent examples of those pre-conditions. Referring to theories of economic growth I applied some econometric models such as ordinary least squares (OLS), vector autoregression (VAR), Granger causality test and impulse response function (IRF) with quarterly data for the period from the first quarter of 2000 to the second quarter of 2017 in estimations. Considering unit root and muticollinairety between independent variables I used centered first difference logarithmic values of seasonally adjusted real quarterly data. Poor quality of data presented by national statistics of Tajikistan is a barrier for conduction of research on the relationship between macroeconomic variables. Under the supervision of my supervisor, I have prepared time series from the raw data presented by national statistics of Tajikistan. These data are appropriate enough for using in econometric models which I have chosen for my research. 9 The research results highlight the relationship between gross capital formation and economic growth in Tajikistan for last 17 years. Also, the estimation results show how the impact of gross capital formation on economic grows changes quarter by quarter. The research includes important information about the macroeconomic situation and business conditions in Tajikistan. I also offered my suggestion for improvement of investment climate in Tajikistan, enhancement of private saving and investment and improvement of the business conditions which increase the positive impact of gross capital formation on economic growth and economic development. 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z https://mt.osce-academy.kg/handle/123456789/81 Title: Determinants of Tajikistan’s Agricultural Trade: Gravity Model Approach Authors: Pulotova, Umedakhon Abstract: This study attempts to determine factors that affect agricultural trade of Tajikistan. The panel data estimation method and generalized gravity model have been used to analyze Tajikistan’s agricultural trade pattern. An analysis revealed that the main contributors to Tajikistan’s agricultural export are GDP of Tajikistan, GDP and GDP per capita of importing country, tariff rates implied by importing country, openness and Logistic performance index of partner country as well as existence of common language between trading countries. All these mentioned factors affect on Tajikistan’s agricultural exports. The country specific effects present that except of neighboring countries, Tajikistan have significant share of export with far distance trading partners as well. These results are important for formulation of further improvements of trade policies in the region to promote Tajikistan’s agricultural export to the world market. 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z